H. is suspected of heading a criminal network responsible for sexual violence, kidnapping, and extortion. Thousands of Eritreans were allegedly smuggled through Libya under the promise of safe passage to Europe, only to be detained in harsh conditions, tortured, and raped, according to the Dutch Public Prosecution Service (OM). Family members of victims were forced to listen to the abuse and pay ransom to secure their release.

According to NOS, eyewitness accounts revealed particularly brutal practices, including forced “football matches” among prisoners, where errors could result in deadly consequences. Reports indicated that the winning team could select a female prisoner from the losing team for sexual assault.

H. was initially prosecuted in Ethiopia for human smuggling but escaped during a court hearing in 2021.

He had been internationally sought until his arrest in Sudan on January 1, 2023, during an international operation led by the UAE. Sudanese authorities accused him of money laundering, for which he served a sentence before his extradition. He arrived at Amsterdam’s Schiphol Airport on a commercial flight from Abu Dhabi and was escorted by the Royal Netherlands Marechaussee.

H. will appear before an examining magistrate on Saturday and will face separate proceedings in the Netherlands. He has already received a life sentence in absentia in Ethiopia for human smuggling.

Dutch prosecutors also charge him, along with fellow Eritrean Walid D., with participation in a criminal organization engaged in human smuggling, extortion, and violence between 2014 and 2020.

Walid D., 42, is currently on trial in Zwolle. On November 19, the OM demanded a 20-year prison sentence against him.

The verdict for Walid D. is scheduled for January 27. His lawyers plan to call H. as a witness, though it remains unclear how H.’s testimony will affect the outcome.